Building A Speaker Cabinet

Last Updated 01/30/04
By Paul J. Marossy


 

I never had a need for an external speaker cabinet until recently. Some rooms are very difficult in terms of acoustics. The room at church where I will keep this cabinet is very reflective in terms of sound, and feedback can be a problem at times.I have found that using a speaker cab can really help in these types of rooms – you can hear yourself better without having to keep turning up the amp’s volume and then having problems with unwanted feedback. Yet, you can still get some controlled feedback if you want to. While I could go out and buy a cab without too much problem, being a DIY freak, it occurred to me that it would be quite easy to make my own cabinet.

I didn’t take a picture of it before I started this project, but this started out life as an amp stand that I built back in 1994. It is constructed of 3/4" particle board and was painted black. It has been in the attic of my garage for about 7 years. I decided to recycle this old ampstand rather than build a new enclosure from scratch partly because I was feeling lazy, partly because I don’t have a whole lot of time with a newborn and a two-year-old running around getting into stuff and partly because I am a fool for a challenge. So, I decided to modify it and turn it into a speaker cabinet. If I were to build this from scratch, it would probably be roughly the same dimensions, but with a vertical front and back surface. And I would use plywood for the speaker baffle. They say particle board will fall apart, but this isn't a 200 watt cabinet that will be played loud, so I think it will be fine.

The dimensions of this speaker cab are as follows: The top surface is 9.5"x 22.5" and the bottom surface is 12"x 22.5". This means that when you look it at from the side, the front and back have a sloping surface (I built it this way so the amp and stand can't fall over). The overall height is 15". It seems to be a nice size for a speaker cab.

Below are some details of my speaker cab project.


First, I had to cut a hole for a 12" speaker. I did this using a jigsaw by hand. To get a nice round circle, I used a large compass I have left over from my board drafting days when I first started in the engineering field. I put a point on each end of the compass and scratched through the paint to leave a nice circle for a cutting guide. I then bought a little speaker from a thrift store to get a second, smaller woofer with a sufficient wattage rating for my purposes. I didn’t plan it this way, I initially just wanted the 8 ohm, 12" speaker, but I needed a 4 ohm load for my amp’s output transformer. So, I wired these two speakers in parallel to get a 4 ohm load. The little woofer brings out the mids a little more, which is a nice side benefit.
Here is the speaker jack plate. I cut a hole in the lower cross member on the back of the enclosure to accommodate a 1/4" mono jack and I drilled a hole in the plate for a future switch, just in case I wanted to switch one speaker off for a 8 ohm load. The aluminum plate comes from the bottom of a plastic RadioShack enclosure which I did not use (I used the plastic bottom plate instead).

I wasn’t happy with the black spray paint look, so I decided to cover it. This is some material I had left over from a previous project, so I decided to use it. It’s not the typical black Tolex look, but it still looks nice. I applied it using some spray adhesive, which does a good job. The carrying handle came from a cheap Crate bass amp I decided to cannibalize since I could not get it to stop humming no matter what I tried to do to it. The 12" speaker also came from that same amp. It sounds pretty decent with my setup.
Next, I decided that it needed a speaker grille. This was problematic since the front of the enclosure did not have any kind of recess for a speaker grille. So, my solution was to get some charcoal colored aluminum screen material for a "speaker grille cloth". The perimeter of the screen is just stapled to the face of the enclosure. I used two layers of the screen because it looks a little better than a single layer does.

Really, the most challenging part of this whole project was making the frame on the front of the enclosure which makes it appear to have a recessed speaker grille. This is made simply by building a frame out of some strips of wood which measure 3/4" x 1/2" and the covering it with material using a combination of spray adhesive and staples. It is fastened to the enclosure using some 1-1/4" long brad nails. The frame also hides the staples fastening the screen to the face. The color of the covering in this picture is more representative of how it really looks in terms of color.

On the bottom, I placed a metal foot at each corner. You can get these just about anywhere. I have seen these at Walmart, Lowe's and Home Depot to name a few places.

Here is a view of the back. It is essentially an open-backed cabinet.
Here is a view of the finished product. The emblem at lower right is of my own design. It’s there to make it look "official". I may add metal or plastic corners at a later date, still undecided at this point. This sure looks a whole lot better than it did when I started!

 

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