Troubleshooting/Modding
the
I am
currently in the process of trying to compile a list of serial numbers and manufacture dates. If you have
information to contribute, please send me an email. You can try
contacting Seymour Duncan directly to get a date of manufacture,
but they are pretty slow getting back to you. So, if you know the
year your amp was manufactured, please send me your serial
number. General: Of course, the first place to look is the Owner's Manual for troubleshooting advice. Most of what is listed in the manual is very basic stuff. But, I have heard of a variety of problems that can occur with these amps that are not listed in the Owner's Manual, most of them having to do with output signal problems. Most of these problems can be easily corrected. Listed below are some suggestions for fixing some of the more common problems specific to these amps. For general info, see the Tube Amp Debugging section at http://www.geofex.com
Tubes: The first place to start is with the tubes. Convertibles are very picky about tubes. The most noticeable one is the power tubes. On a nice clean, undistorted sound, just about any power tube sounds pretty good. It is when you want distortion that the power tubes really count. For example: When I bought my amp, there were Sovtek EL34WXT "Reflector" power tubes installed in it. They were terrible! Too much emphasis on the mids and ratty sounding distortion. I put some J&J EL34L's in there and it sounds much, much better. These are much more well rounded. The rectifier tube is not as critical for the sound of the amp, but very important to the whole power supply! NOS tubes can be had for about the same price as new ones, unlike power and preamp tubes. But according to Seymour Duncan, in their fairly extensive testing of rectifier tubes, they found that the Sylvania 5U4GB is by far the most reliable of all types and brands for this particular application. Most European brands tended to be very unreliable with some failing almost immediately, often taking other components down with them.(!) They still have a limited quantity of NOS Sylvana 5U4's in original boxes that they can offer to anyone that needs them for $12 each. They also have odds and ends of the not-commonly-available repair parts. In near future, they plan on publishing a listing of these items at their website, www.SeymourDuncan.com In keeping with tradition, the preamp tubes that you use will also make a noticeable difference in the sound that comes out of your amp. You can play around with changing the preamp tube gain factors. See my Preamp Tube Gain Factor Chart for more information.
Output Problems: The main complaint I hear of is the amp having fluctuations in volume output level. This seems to be mostly caused by loose or corroded wiring connections inside the amp. The leads from the amp control pots, input jacks and effects send and return lines are all connected to the board via crimped wire connectors which slide over vertical posts which rise up out of the PCB. On the one hand, you could say that is good design because it facilitates easy removal of the PCB. On the other hand, all of the connections have an opportunity to get a little corroded over time, which causes weak signals in the circuitry. The way to
fix this is fairly simple. I removed all of the wiring
connections off of the pins, one by one, and gently squeezed the
connectors a little bit with some needle nose pliers and
reinstalled them on the posts, making sure the connections were
snug. I also used contact cleaner (see caution in paragraph
below) on them before reconnecting them. Care must be taken to
make sure the wires are all reconnected properly as they are in
sets of two or three in close proximity to eachother. There is
about 30 wires to go through. Some of them were pretty loose. It
took me about an hour to do this operation and it resulted in my
amp sounding a lot better. Ultimately, one could solder all of
these wires to the posts and permanently get rid of this problem.
However, it would be quite difficult to get to some of the wires
with a soldering iron. Also, spraying some contact cleaner on the preamp module sockets may help, too. But here are some important cautions: some "contact cleaners" are conductive, most notably Cramolin. Spraying them on the PCB near the module connectors can cause problems. When selecting a contact cleaner, you should look for any indication that the substance is a "contact enhancer". Some amps have had holes burnt in the PCB because the contact cleaner that was used caused arcing from B+ to ground. B+ and ground are right next to eachother on the preamp modules. So use caution if you decide to use any type of contact cleaner on the module sockets. The power tube sockets are especially vulnerable to this because the voltages are very high. They will start to arc as soon as the power is turned on if a conductive contact cleaner is sprayed on them. (Can you say "Poof"?)
Terrible Sound when using Variable Wattage Control: One person wrote to me and described this problem to me: "I have recently been having problems with the variable wattage output. If I leave it at 100w, its fine, but if I try to turn it down, it makes a terrible hum/buzz which increases the more you turn it down (5watts is worse than 60watts) Sounds like going between AM stations on an old transistor radio." It turned out that this was due to a faulty 12AU7 preamp tube. What was happening was because of that faulty 12AU7. The 12AU7 is a dual triode and it is connected across the output of the phase splitter. Adjusting the power control varies the DC bias on this triode, turning it on more/less. This acts like a variable shunt. At the lowest power settings, the triode is conducting the hardest and therfore provides a fairly low impedance directly across the phase splitter, allowing very little signal to be developed across the grid resistors of the power tubes. So, with this tube being faulty, it would make your amp seem like it was having a meltdown or something when in fact, it's just a bad tube.
Unwanted Distortion: I had a problem with some unwanted distortion when I was playing on the clean channel. For example, if I played a major 3rd interval on the E and A strings, and plucked the strings hard, it sounded like the speaker was distorting the signal. First I determined that all the standard things to check all checked out OK. Upon further investigation, I discovered that this problem had to do with the setting on the wattage selector and the amp being on Triode mode. I had the wattage at 100. I tried turning it down to about 60 watts, and the problem went away. When the amp is in Pentode mode, the wattage selector has the full range available 5 to 100 watts. When in Triode mode, the selectors range drops down to 5 to 60 watts. So, why the distortion? This problem stems from having preamp tubes with too high of a gain factor installed in the wattage selector circuit. On the bottom of the chassis, there is three preamp tubes. Looking at the back of the amp, from left to right, you should have a 12AU7, a 12AX7 and a 12AU7 installed in there. If you have three 12AX7s installed, youre going to have some problems with unwanted distortion. 12AU7s have a gain factor of 19. 12AX7s have a gain factor of 100. I have 12AT7s in my amp, which have a gain factor of 60, but these are probably still too hot.
Excessive Hum: This one can
be difficult to track down. Generally, hum problems come from a
bad ground on some component, or a bad capacitor leaking too much
AC current. Sometimes it can come from cheap power tubes. It
could also be a preamp module, or a bad wiring connection
somewhere inside the amp. If you know it is a specific preamp
module, then thats an easy one. That could be a bad
component or a bad solder joint on the module itself. If
its not a problem with a preamp module, then check all the
ground connections to the PCB, and especially the PCB connection
to ground. Another place to look is the input jack or speaker
jack. These amps should have about as much a background hum as a
silverface Twin Reverb or similar amp. My amp also had too much
hum on the Effects Loop. The source of this problem apparently
was a guitar pedal with an inadequate amount of power filtering
when used with a "wall wart" AC to DC transformer. The
other thing to check is the connections to ground on the effects
send & return. A bad connection to ground or ground loop will
also cause this. Reverb Problems: The
Convertible utilizes a SS reverb recovery circuit. Reverb
problems can be traced down to a few possibilities. The most
obvious ones are defective RCA cables connecting the reverb tank
to the send & return jacks on the back of the amp and the
reverb tank itself. Sometimes the tiny wires inside the reverb
tank can break loose from the spring assembly, resulting in no
reverb. Usually the wire can be re-soldered and the problem
fixed.
RF Interference: An
individual emailed me about this one. He bought a new Convertible
around 1985. He had an occasional, but long standing problem with
radio stations and similar things getting picked up on his amp.
No one seemed to know the cause of the problem. One day he was
sitting in an orchestra pit with the symphony, in a hall right
next to an elevated interstate highway, and had some trucker's CB
just blast through through his amp! That unfortunately ended the
amp's gigging career, but, one day he took the chassis out and
poked around, and found one resistor that had never been soldered
in, but was making enough contact on the PCB for the amp to work.
He soldered it in, and the problem went away. Popping Fuses: Aside from
the standard things to check - filter caps, power transformer,
output transformer, rectifier tube, power tubes, etc., there are
some things that are not so obvious. My friend Steve brought his
Convertible over for me to look at. It kept blowing fuses. He
thought it may be the standy switch, but I dismantled it and
found that it was still in good condition. I checked all of the
caps, tubes, power transformer and they all appeared to be in
good condition. When I was putting the amp back together, I
noticed that one of the speaker wires was loose, a cold solder
joint. An output transformer doesn't like not having a full load
on it. So, I resoldered both speaker wires and turned the amp on.
The problem went away! Not something you would normally think to
look at right off the bat, but it could be something just that
simple. In this case, the speaker was recently replaced, and the
problem arose not too long after.
"Improving" Tone: There are
some things you can do to improve/change the tone of the
Convertible. There is a definite tone improvement in changing the
coupling caps. The original caps used were made by Illinois
Capacitor (IC). Changing these to a Sprague/Vishay 715P
metallized polyethylene "Orange Drops" will give the
amp more of a vintage Fender tone, with lots of clarity and
"space" without being bright or harsh . You can also
get the Sprague 716P Film/Foil caps, but they typically come only
in 600V ratings. They are huge and they may not clear the tube in
the module. For a lot more money you can buy Angela-labeled Solen
Film/Foil caps. But, in the Convertible, they are rather plain
sounding compared to the Sprague Orange Drops. They are also
$4.50 each versus $1.10 for a 715P. Another cap to try is Audio
Caps which while about $4.50 each, make the amp sound very nice
and warm. All this stuff works great in the tone control section,
too. You can also replace the caps on the preamp modules as well.
Carbon Comp Resistors?: Gordon
Swanson sent me an email about his experiences with replacing the
metal film resistors in the signal path(s) with carbon comp
resistors of equal value. Here is Gordon's description of what he
did: Other Tricks: Here's
something that one individual emailed me concerning some other
neat tricks you can do with the effects loop: Preamp Tube Heater Filament Voltage Mod:
If you have studied the preamp schematic a little, you would have noticed that the preamp tube heater filament voltage in the Convertible is 10.6 volts instead of the customary 12.6 volts used by most amplifiers. It was brought to my attention by an individual who emailed me recently that running the preamp tubes on a 10.6 volt supply severely shortens the life of the tubes. I suspect that Seymour Duncan designed it this way because solid state modules were also available, and perhaps they wanted to keep the noise floor level down as much as possible - and preamp tubes were cheaper and more readily available when these amps were new. I am currently working on a mod to increase the heater supply to 12.6 volts and I am also working with an individual now who will have the kits available in the near future.
Preventative Maintenence: Of course,
the best medicine is prevention! That means replacing things before
they blow up and your amp has a melt down. Things like filter
caps need to be replaced after a certain amount of time. Since a
lot of the Convertibles are nearing twenty years old, that is one
item that should be considered. Eliminating Channel Crosstalk: Replace both of the 47K mixer resistors with 220K to eliminate channel "cross-talk". This mod works great and can be done from the top if you snip out the 47Ks and use remaining leads to tie to (heavy traces on back stabilize the leads). The 100K pots (master volume) also do allow some bleed across when turned all the way off. You may notice this when using different input load resistor plugs. (Thanks to Don Molenda for this info!) Repairing / Replacing The Can Type Filter Caps: Click Here to see what this entails.
Occasionally, I get emails about acquiring replacement parts. Here is a list of currently stocked Convertible 100 amplifier parts. Once these parts run out, they will not be replaced. Contact Scott Miller at Seymour Duncan (Scott@seymourduncan.com) for more information.
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